{"id":1203,"date":"2020-01-20T10:34:09","date_gmt":"2020-01-20T15:34:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/linguix.com\/blog\/?p=1203"},"modified":"2020-05-17T14:56:26","modified_gmt":"2020-05-17T18:56:26","slug":"basic-english-grammar-10-grammar-rules-to-get-you-started-in-english","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/linguix.com\/blog\/basic-english-grammar-10-grammar-rules-to-get-you-started-in-english\/","title":{"rendered":"Basic English Grammar \u2013 10 Grammar Rules to Get You Started in English"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Grammar is a central aspect to any language. English is no different. Although there are hundreds of grammar points to consider when learning English, there are also those grammar points which not only form the basis of everything else that you need to learn, but are also a solid beginning to becoming an accomplished English speaker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.producthunt.com\/posts\/linguix-grammar-checker-for-chrome?utm_source=badge-featured&amp;utm_medium=badge&amp;utm_souce=badge-linguix-grammar-checker-for-chrome\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/api.producthunt.com\/widgets\/embed-image\/v1\/featured.svg?post_id=184648&amp;theme=light\" alt=\"Linguix Grammar Checker for Chrome - Check grammar instantly in real-time on your favorite sites | Product Hunt Embed\" style=\"width: 250px; height: 54px;\" width=\"250px\" height=\"54px\"><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are some of the most fundamental grammar rules in English:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Subject and object pronouns<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are seven distinct subject pronouns in English that must be made distinct from the object pronouns. These are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I \u2013 me<br>you (singular and plural) \u00ad\u2013 you<br>he \u2013 him<br>she \u2013 her<br>it \u2013 it<br>we \u2013 us<br>they \u2013 them<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The subject pronouns conjugate with the verb. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I am \/ I like \/ I don\u2019t like \/ I have<br>She is \/ She likes \/ She doesn\u2019t like \/ She has<br>We are \/ We like \/ We don\u2019t like<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>And from there clauses and sentences are born.<\/p>\n\n\n\n    \n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The verb \u2018to be\u2019<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The verb \u2018to be\u2019 is the outlier in English as it behaves differently from all other verbs. Firstly, there are three forms in the present tense, which is unique among all verbs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I am<br>You \/ We \/ They are<br>He \/ She \/ It is<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, the verb \u2018to be\u2019 uses no auxiliary:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I am not tired.<br>I <strong>don\u2019t<\/strong> like peas.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>There are also a number of other ways in which the verb \u2018to be\u2019 behaves a little differently, such as the position of adverbs in the sentence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I am <strong>always<\/strong> hungry.<br>I <strong>always<\/strong> eat a big breakfast<g class=\"gr_ gr_31 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Style replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"31\" data-gr-id=\"31\">.<\/g><br><g class=\"gr_ gr_31 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Style replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"31\" data-gr-id=\"31\">I<\/g> <strong>always<\/strong> asked a lot of questions when I was at school.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Not only is the verb \u2018to be\u2019 the most essential verb it is also unique among all verbs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Plurals<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To make something plural in English, the vast majority of the time you simply add the letter \u2018s\u2019. Here are some examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>pen \u2013 pens<br>time \u2013 times<br>friend \u2013 friends<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Words that end in \u2018y\u2019 usually take the form \u2018ies\u2019. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>country \u2013 countries<br>lady \u2013 ladies<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>But there are exceptions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>tray \u2013 trays<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Words that end in \u2018o\u2019 usually become \u2018oes\u2019. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>hero \u2013 heroes<br>potato \u2013 potatoes<br>tomato \u2013 tomatoes<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>But again, there are exceptions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>burrito \u2013 burritos<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Words that end in \u2018f\u2019 or \u2018fe\u2019 will usually changes to \u2018ves\u2019. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>calf \u2013 <g class=\"gr_ gr_6 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"6\" data-gr-id=\"6\">calves<\/g><br><g class=\"gr_ gr_6 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"6\" data-gr-id=\"6\">half<\/g> \u2013 halves<\/p><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Then there are words that actually change completely in the plural. There are not many of these, but they include some often-used words:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>man \u2013 men<br>woman \u2013 women<br>child \u2013 <g class=\"gr_ gr_45 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"45\" data-gr-id=\"45\">children<\/g><br><g class=\"gr_ gr_45 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"45\" data-gr-id=\"45\">tooth<\/g> \u2013 teeth<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>And then there are a few words that don\u2019t change at all:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>sheep \u2013 sheep<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Uncountable nouns<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alongside this concept of plural nouns you must learn the concept of uncountable nouns. These are nouns that cannot be pluralized (not usually for any logical reason, but because that is the habit). Here are some important examples of uncountable nouns:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>information<br>advice<br>water<br><g class=\"gr_ gr_72 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"72\" data-gr-id=\"72\">furniture<\/g><br><g class=\"gr_ gr_72 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"72\" data-gr-id=\"72\">bread<\/g><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>It is important to know which words are uncountable because the grammar rules that apply are different.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Firstly, uncountable nouns always use the conjugation \u2018is\u2019 of the verb \u2018to be\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is information about that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is advice you can follow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uncountable nouns cannot be used with \u2018a\u2019 or \u2018an\u2019, but instead would usually take the word \u2018some\u2019:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I can give you some information or some advice about that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The word \u2018much\u2019 must be used with uncountable nouns, not \u2018many\u2019:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I don\u2019t have much information or much advice to give you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And of course, the \u2018s\u2019 can never be added:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><s>informations<br>advices<\/s><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The possessive \u2018s\u2019<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>English has a unique way of expressing possession \u2013 the combination of the apostrophe plus \u2018s\u2019. Here are some examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Tom\u2019s house.<br>My friend\u2019s car.<br>The team\u2019s captain.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>These types of possessives are usually used with anything related to people, living things, or groups that contain people or living things, such as the example of \u2018team\u2019 above. The following examples would not be used with the possessive &#8216;s&#8217;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>The airplane\u2019s wing.<br>The kitchen\u2019s door.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>With words and names that already end in an \u2018s\u2019, usually just an apostrophe works. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Chris\u2019 pen.<br>Charles\u2019 dog.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Auxiliaries in questions and negative sentences<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>All English verbs, with the exception of the verb \u2018to be\u2019, require an auxiliary in the present simple and past simple tenses when the sentence is in the negative form, or if you are forming a question. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Present simple<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I like pizza.<br>I <strong>don\u2019t<\/strong> like garlic<g class=\"gr_ gr_25 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Style replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"25\" data-gr-id=\"25\">.<\/g><br><strong><g class=\"gr_ gr_25 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Style replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"25\" data-gr-id=\"25\">Do<\/g><\/strong> you like <g class=\"gr_ gr_7 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Grammar only-ins replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"7\" data-gr-id=\"7\">fish<\/g>?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The auxiliaries in present simple change depending on the subject. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>She likes pizza.<br>She <strong>doesn\u2019t<\/strong> like garlic<g class=\"gr_ gr_24 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Style replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"24\" data-gr-id=\"24\">.<\/g><br><strong><g class=\"gr_ gr_24 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Style replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"24\" data-gr-id=\"24\">Does<\/g><\/strong> she like fish?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>In the past simple, the auxiliaries are always the same, regardless of the subject:<\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Past simple<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I played football.<br>I <strong>didn\u2019t <\/strong>play basketball. She <strong>didn\u2019t<\/strong> play basketball<g class=\"gr_ gr_49 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Style replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"49\" data-gr-id=\"49\">.<\/g><br><strong><g class=\"gr_ gr_49 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Style replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"49\" data-gr-id=\"49\">Did<\/g><\/strong> you play tennis? <strong>Did<\/strong> she play tennis?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Forgetting the auxiliary is a really common mistake, but it is something to be avoided.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Forming the past tense (regular and irregular verbs)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>With regular verbs, the past tense is formed simply by adding \u2018ed\u2019, or if the verb ends in a consonant + \u2018y\u2019, then the \u2018y\u2019 is replaced with \u2018ied\u2019. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>walk \u2013 walked<br>play \u2013 played<br>want \u2013 <g class=\"gr_ gr_40 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"40\" data-gr-id=\"40\">wanted<\/g><br><g class=\"gr_ gr_40 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"40\" data-gr-id=\"40\">study<\/g> \u2013 studied<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>However, there are as many irregular verbs in English as there are regular verbs. The way that the past tense is formed is particular to each verb, and so can only be learnt by memorizing. Here are some examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>go \u2013 went<br>speak \u2013 spoke<br>take \u2013 <g class=\"gr_ gr_40 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"40\" data-gr-id=\"40\">took<\/g><br><g class=\"gr_ gr_40 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"40\" data-gr-id=\"40\">buy<\/g> \u2013 bought<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Using \u2018will\u2019 in the future<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The future simple tense is formed by using the auxiliary \u2018will\u2019 plus the infinitive of the verb. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I will go to the park.<br>She will travel to Spain<g class=\"gr_ gr_24 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Style replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"24\" data-gr-id=\"24\">.<\/g><br><g class=\"gr_ gr_24 gr-alert gr_gramm gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear Style replaceWithoutSep\" id=\"24\" data-gr-id=\"24\">They<\/g> will learn the language.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>However, \u2018will\u2019 is in fact only used specifically in the future when we are being spontaneous, making an offer, or making a promise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are two other future forms that are more useful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2018Going to\u2019 for future is used to express intention. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I\u2019m going to go to New York next year. (In this case, there is probably no ticket, yet)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The present continuous tense is used in the future to talk about organized plans. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I\u2019m going to New York next year. (In this case, the flights are probably booked)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>To make questions in the future, it is much more common to use \u2018going to\u2019 for future, or the present continuous for future, because the assumption is that there is an intention or plan. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>What are you going to do this weekend?<br>What are you doing this weekend?<br><s>What will you do this weekend?<\/s><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Making the simple continuous tenses<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The simple continuous tenses in English are used to speak about actions that are in progress at a particular moment. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>By July next year, I will be living in Sydney. \u2013 future simple continuous<br>I\u2019m wearing a red jacket. \u2013 present <g class=\"gr_ gr_70 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"70\" data-gr-id=\"70\">continuous<\/g><br><g class=\"gr_ gr_70 gr-alert gr_spell gr_inline_cards gr_disable_anim_appear ContextualSpelling ins-del multiReplace\" id=\"70\" data-gr-id=\"70\">This<\/g> time yesterday I was swimming with dolphins. \u2013 past continuous<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The simple continuous tenses all consist of the verb \u2018to be\u2019 and the \u2018ing\u2019 form of the verb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Using adjectives<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In English, adjectives are placed before the noun, or after the verb \u2018to be\u2019. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I have a red jacket.<br>My jacket is red.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>If there is more than one adjective, and it precedes the noun, then a comma is used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I have a small, red jacket.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>When there is more than one adjective, there is a general order that is followed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>I have a beautiful, small, red, leather jacket. (opinion, size, color, material)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Grammar is a central aspect to any language. English is no different. Although there are hundreds of grammar points to consider when learning English, there are also those grammar points which not only form the basis of everything else that you need to learn, but are also a solid beginning to becoming an accomplished English [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1204,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[471,546,468,15,581],"class_list":["post-1203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar","tag-english","tag-english-as-a-second-language","tag-english-learning","tag-grammar","tag-grammar-rules"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.8 (Yoast SEO v24.8.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Basic English Grammar \u2013 10 Grammar Rules to Get You Started in English - Linguix Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/linguix.com\/blog\/basic-english-grammar-10-grammar-rules-to-get-you-started-in-english\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Basic English Grammar \u2013 10 Grammar Rules to Get You Started in English\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Grammar is a central aspect to any language. 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Although there are hundreds of grammar points to consider when learning English, there are also those grammar points which not only form the basis of everything else that you need to learn, but are also a solid beginning to becoming an accomplished English [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/linguix.com\/blog\/basic-english-grammar-10-grammar-rules-to-get-you-started-in-english\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Linguix Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-01-20T15:34:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-05-17T18:56:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/linguix.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/23.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"683\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Samantha Ruff\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Samantha Ruff\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/linguix.com\/blog\/basic-english-grammar-10-grammar-rules-to-get-you-started-in-english\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/linguix.com\/blog\/basic-english-grammar-10-grammar-rules-to-get-you-started-in-english\/\",\"name\":\"Basic English Grammar \u2013 10 Grammar Rules to Get You Started in English - 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